Ukulele Strings: Exploring 4, 5, 6 and 8 Strings
The classic ukulele has four strings, a truth so obvious that many are unaware of the other variations. But there is a whole world of string configurations that can change the instrument's sound.
Here is a guide to the most common configurations.
4-string ukulele (Standard)
This is the most traditional and well-known variant. With four strings, you get a pure and classic ukulele sound. The most common tuning is re-entrant tuning, where the fourth string is tuned an octave higher than it traditionally should have been. It is precisely this octavation that gives the ukulele its characteristic sound.
There is also linear tuning, or Low G, where the fourth string is tuned lower. This tuning is unusual for soprano, concert, and tenor ukuleles, but is significantly more common for baritone ukuleles. Low G is often used by those who play melodies, but because the tuning resembles that of a guitar, it is also a popular choice for guitarists who want a smoother transition to the ukulele.
5-string ukulele
5-string ukuleles are not common, but they have an interesting feature. Here, the fourth string is doubled, with one string in each octave. This gives you the best of both worlds: a broad and full sound that fills out the soundscape, while maintaining the fundamental sound. This configuration is ideal for giving your playing a fuller tone, although it is not as optimal for melodic playing.
6-string ukulele
A 6-string ukulele should not be confused with a guitalele, which often happens. Here, the first and third strings are doubled. The first pair of strings is tuned identically, while the second pair is tuned in two different octaves. This creates a sound reminiscent of both a mandolin and a 12-string guitar. They sound louder and higher than a regular ukulele, but they do not become as dominant as an 8-string ukulele.
8-string ukulele
Here, all four strings are doubled. This provides a powerful, rich sound with an almost choir-like effect, reminiscent of a mandolin.
An 8-string ukulele is often used as a valuable complement in an orchestra where it can fill out the soundscape in an impressive way. Our experience is that they can be perceived as an "exclusive sauce or spice" – they are fantastic in the right context, but can quickly become overwhelming on their own. They do an excellent job in the background, but can feel clumsy for solo playing.
Who benefits from all these string configurations?
99% of all ukulele players play on 4 strings, with re-entrant tuning. Many of them don't even know that other options exist.
Linear tuning, such as Low G, is most often used by those who play melodies, but is also a popular choice for guitarists seeking a smoother transition to the ukulele. Low G is significantly more common on baritone ukuleles.
5- and 6-string ukuleles are often used to fill out the soundscape and provide a broad sound that is somewhat reminiscent of a guitar.
8-string ukuleles sound both louder and fuller than a regular ukulele and can be a valuable complement in a ukulele orchestra. So, while an 8-string ukulele can feel like a spice, which can easily become too much, it is well worth trying for anyone who wants to expand their sonic palette.
